1. . Safeguards ↑

    1. .“Globalization, TRIPS and access to pharmaceuticals”. WHO Policy Perspectives on Medicines, No. 3, WHO, Geneva, March 2001, P. 5.http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/pdf/s2240e/s2240e.pdf, last visited: 09/27/2014., last visited: 03/08/2015. ↑

    1. . Sufficiently Wide Margin Of Discretion ↑

    1. . Flexibilities Of The Agreement ↑

    1. . Germán Velásquez, “Access to Medicines and Intellectual Property: The Contribution of the World Health Organization”. South Centre, Research Papers 47, 2013, P.5 http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s20168en/s20168en.pdf, last visited: 09/27/2014. ↑

    1. . The Provisions In TRIPS That Allow Flexibility ↑

    1. . Flexibilities ↑

    1. . Carolyn Deere, “The Implementation Game: the TRIPS agreement and the global politics of intellectual property reform in developing countries”. Oxford University Press, 2009, P.68. ↑

    1. . Elena Ghanotakis, “Access to Medicines for Developing Countries”. Journal of Word IP, vol 7, issue 14, 2004. ↑

    1. . Committee on Development and Intellectual Property (CDIP) ↑

    1. . WTO; WHO; WIPO. “Promoting access to medical technologies and innovation: intersections between public health, intellectual property and trade”. Geneva, 2013, P. 72. ↑

    1. . Mohammed Said, “Public health related TRIPS-plus provisions in bilateral trade agreements”. World Health Organization and International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2010, P. 90, 91. ↑

    1. . “Political Declaration on HIV and AIDS: Intensifying Our Efforts to Eliminate HIV and AIDS”. General Assembly of United Nations, A/RES/65/277, New York, 2011, P. 11, 12.http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/sub_landing/files/20110610_UN_A-RES-65-277_en.pdf, last visited: 09/26/2014. ↑

      1. . مرکز جنوب(South Centre) یک سازمان بین الدولی متشکل از کشورهای درحال توسعه است که حامی تلاش این کشورها و ارائه دهنده کارشناسی های لازم برای ارتقای منافع مشترکشان در عرصه بین‌المللی می‌باشد. مرکز جنوب به موجب یک توافق نامه بین الدولی که در تاریخ ۳۱ جولای ۱۹۹۵ لازم الاجرا شد، تأسيس شده است و دفتر مرکزی آن در ژنو می‌باشد. ↑

    1. . http://www.southcentre.int/press-release-3-march-2014/#more-6336, last visited: 05/05/2015. ↑

    1. . Paris Convention for the protection of industrial property. 1883, WIPO, Article: 5A(2).http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/text.jsp?file_id=288514#P123_15283, last visited: 09/28/2014. ↑

    1. . ibid, Article: 5A(4). ↑

    1. . Fink.C. “Intellectual Property and Public Health: An Overview of the Debate with a Focus on U.S. Policy”. Center for Global Development, Working Paper Number 146, 2008, P.7. ↑

    1. . Sylvia, Fodor, “Compulsory licensing under the TRIPS-Agreement: a tool for developing countries’ access to technology transfers”. Lund University, 2011, P. 31. ↑

    1. . Coenraad Visser, “Patent Exceptions and Limitations in the Health Context”. WIPO, SCP/15/3, ANNEX V, 2010, P. 4.http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/scp/en/scp_15/scp_15_3-annex1.pdf. , last visited: 10/08/2014. ↑

    1. . محسن صادقی، حمایت از ابداعات دارویی و الحاق به سازمان تجارت جهانی، نشر میزان، چاپ اول، ۱۳۳۱، ص۵۲۳٫ ↑

    1. . Antitrust Law. ↑

    1. . WTO; WHO; WIPO. “Promoting access to medical technologies and innovation: intersections between public health, intellectual property and trade”. Geneva, 2013, P. 174. ↑

    1. . Ibid, P. 174. ↑

    1. . محسن صادقی، پیشین، ص۵۲۵٫ ↑

    1. . Lamivudine ↑

    1. . Nevirapine ↑

    1. .http://lists.essential.org/pipermail/ip-health/2004-december/007233.html. , last visited: 09/28/2014. ↑

    1. . Jerome Reichman, Catherine Hasenzahl, “Non-Voluntary Licensing Of Patented Inventions, The Canadian Experience”, UNCTUD/ICTSD, October 2002, P. 11. ↑

    1. . محسن صادقی، پیشین، ص۵۳۷٫ ↑

    1. . Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, WT/MIN(01)/DEC/2, 20 Nov. 2001, WTO, Paragraph. 4.https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/minist_e/min01_e/mindecl_trips_e.htm. , last visited: 09/29/2014. ↑

    1. . ibid, Paragraph. 5©. ↑

    1. . ibid, Paragraph. 6. ↑

    1. . “Implementation of paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and public health”. Decision of the General Council of 30 August 2003, Doc.WT/L/540, WTO, ۱ September 2003.https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/implem_para6_e.htm, last visited: 09/30/2014. ↑

    1. . https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/factsheet_pharm02_e.htm. , last visited: 05/06/2015. ↑

    1. . “Amendment of the TRIPS Agreement”, Wt/L/641, WTO, 8 December 2005.https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/ta_docs_e/3_wtl641_e.pdf, last visited: 05/07/2015. ↑

    1. . https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/amendment_e.htm. , last visited: 05/07/2015. ↑

    1. . “Implementation of paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and public health”. Decision of the General Council of 30 August 2003, Doc.WT/L/540, WTO, ۱ September 2003, Paragraph: 2(a). ↑

    1. . ibid. Paragraph: 2(b). ↑

    1. . ibid. Paragraph: 2©. ↑

    1. . ibid. Paragraph: 3. ↑

    1. . ibid. Paragraph: 4. ↑

    1. . Apotex corporation. ↑

    1. . http://www.apotex.com/ca/en/default.asp, last visited: 10/01/2014. ↑

    1. . http://www.cipo.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/cipointernet-internetopic.nsf/eng/wr00682.html. , last visited: 10/01/2014. ↑

    1. . Apo-Triavir. ↑

    1. . Canada’s Access to Medicines Regime Program (CAMR). ↑

    1. . Glaxo Smith Kline (GSK). ↑

موضوعات: بدون موضوع  لینک ثابت


فرم در حال بارگذاری ...